MotivationCryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) is a widely-used technology for ultrastructure determination, which constructs the three-dimensional (3D) structures of protein and macromolecular complex from a set of two-dimensional (2D) micrographs. However, limited by the electron beam dose, the micrographs in cryo-EM generally suffer from extremely low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), which hampers the... Show more